Relative Location Ontology
Release 2026-03-01
- Latest version:
- https://w3id.org/reloc#
- Previous version:
- https://annegoebels.github.io/reloc/2024/index.html
- Revision:
- 1.0.1
- Authors:
- Anne Göbels
- Download serialization:
- License:
- Evaluation:
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- Cite as:
- Göbels, A., & Beetz, J. (2024). Relative Location Ontology: An ontological model for representing directional topological relationships between spatial entities in oriented space. In P. Pauwels, M. Poveda-Villalón, & W. Terkaj (Hrsg.), Proceedings of the 12th Linked Data in Architecture and Construction Workshop (S. 91–104). CEUR-WS. https://ceur-ws.org/Vol-3824/paper7.pdf (see BibTeX entry)
Provenance of this page
Abstract
The Relative Location Ontology (RELOC) enables the expression of the spatial relationship between two objects using directional-topological terms. The ontology is designed to be compatible with the natural language-based approach of describing relative locations, enabling the conversion of existing location descriptions into structured spatial graph representations. The ontology provides directional, axis-related properties (e.g., longitudinal axis: front, center, rear) and topological properties (e.g., meet, contained in, intersect). These properties are finally merged into combined properties (e.g., containedInFront) to reflect the spatial information of statements like 'A is in the front part of B'. The application context of the RELOC Ontology is the processing of existing damage documentation of bridges.Introduction back to ToC
Namespace declarations
| reloc | <https://w3id.org/reloc#> |
| owl | <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#> |
| rdf | <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#> |
| rdfs | <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#> |
| skos | <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#> |
| terms | <http://purl.org/dc/terms/> |
| vann | <http://purl.org/vocab/vann/> |
| xml | <http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace> |
| xsd | <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#> |
Relative Location Ontology: Overview back to ToC
This ontology has the following classes and properties.Classes
Object Properties
- 2D topological relation
- above
- on the left side of
- on the rear side of
- on the right side of
- on the top side of
- behind
- bottom
- contained in
- directional relation
- disjoint
- Equal
- front
- has relative location with Offset
- has Relative Spatial Relation To
- has the same origin and lenght as
- has the same origin and width as
- has the same vertical origin and height as
- in front of
- intersect
- intersect with the front side of
- intersects with the bottom of
- Intersects with the left side of
- Intersects with the rear side of
- Intersects with the right side of
- Intersects with the top of
- is at the bottom of
- is at the front of
- is contained in the front area of
- is contained in the left area of
- is contained in the longitudinal central area of
- is contained in the lower area of
- is contained in the rear area of
- is contained in the right area of
- is contained in the transversal central area of
- is contained in the upper area of
- is contained in the vertical central area of
- left
- left of
- longitudinal axis relation
- longitudinal center
- Meet
- rear
- right
- right of
- top
- transversalAxisRelation
- transversalCenter
- under
- verticalAxisRelation
- verticalCenter
Data Properties
Relative Location Ontology: Description back to ToC
Graphical overview about the RELOC properties
Technical overview about the RELOC Ontology
Application example of the RELOC Ontology
Cross reference for Relative Location Ontology classes, properties and dataproperties back to ToC
This section provides details for each class and property defined by Relative Location Ontology.Classes
relative location with Offsetc back to ToC or Class ToC
IRI: https://w3id.org/reloc#RelativeLocationWithOffset
- is in domain of
- Unit of offset value dp, has measured distance value dp
- is in range of
- has relative location with Offset op
Object Properties
- 2D topological relation
- above
- on the left side of
- on the rear side of
- on the right side of
- on the top side of
- behind
- bottom
- contained in
- directional relation
- disjoint
- Equal
- front
- has relative location with Offset
- has Relative Spatial Relation To
- has the same origin and lenght as
- has the same origin and width as
- has the same vertical origin and height as
- in front of
- intersect
- intersect with the front side of
- intersects with the bottom of
- Intersects with the left side of
- Intersects with the rear side of
- Intersects with the right side of
- Intersects with the top of
- is at the bottom of
- is at the front of
- is contained in the front area of
- is contained in the left area of
- is contained in the longitudinal central area of
- is contained in the lower area of
- is contained in the rear area of
- is contained in the right area of
- is contained in the transversal central area of
- is contained in the upper area of
- is contained in the vertical central area of
- left
- left of
- longitudinal axis relation
- longitudinal center
- Meet
- rear
- right
- right of
- top
- transversalAxisRelation
- transversalCenter
- under
- verticalAxisRelation
- verticalCenter
2D topological relationop back to ToC or Object Property ToC
IRI: https://w3id.org/reloc#2DTopologicalRelation
- has super-properties
- has Relative Spatial Relation To op
- has sub-properties
- Equal op, Meet op, contained in op, disjoint op, intersect op
aboveop back to ToC or Object Property ToC
IRI: https://w3id.org/reloc#disjointTop
on the left side ofop back to ToC or Object Property ToC
IRI: https://w3id.org/reloc#meetLeft
- has super-properties
- Meet op, left op
- is inverse of
- on the right side of op
on the rear side ofop back to ToC or Object Property ToC
IRI: https://w3id.org/reloc#meetRear
- has super-properties
- Meet op, rear op
- is inverse of
- is at the front of op
on the right side ofop back to ToC or Object Property ToC
IRI: https://w3id.org/reloc#meetRight
- has super-properties
- Meet op, right op
- is inverse of
- on the left side of op
on the top side ofop back to ToC or Object Property ToC
IRI: https://w3id.org/reloc#meetTop
- has super-properties
- Meet op, top op
- is inverse of
- is at the bottom of op
behindop back to ToC or Object Property ToC
IRI: https://w3id.org/reloc#disjointRear
bottomop back to ToC or Object Property ToC
IRI: https://w3id.org/reloc#bottom
- has super-properties
- verticalAxisRelation op
- has sub-properties
- intersects with the bottom of op, is at the bottom of op, is contained in the lower area of op, under op
contained inop back to ToC or Object Property ToC
IRI: https://w3id.org/reloc#containedIn
has characteristics: transitive
- has super-properties
- 2D topological relation op
- has sub-properties
- is contained in the front area of op, is contained in the left area of op, is contained in the longitudinal central area of op, is contained in the lower area of op, is contained in the rear area of op, is contained in the right area of op, is contained in the transversal central area of op, is contained in the upper area of op, is contained in the vertical central area of op
directional relationop back to ToC or Object Property ToC
IRI: https://w3id.org/reloc#directionalRelation
- has super-properties
- has Relative Spatial Relation To op
- has sub-properties
- longitudinal axis relation op, transversalAxisRelation op, verticalAxisRelation op
disjointop back to ToC or Object Property ToC
IRI: https://w3id.org/reloc#disjoint
- has super-properties
- 2D topological relation op
- has sub-properties
- above op, behind op, in front of op, left of op, right of op, under op
Equalop back to ToC or Object Property ToC
IRI: https://w3id.org/reloc#equal
has characteristics: symmetric, transitive
- has super-properties
- 2D topological relation op
frontop back to ToC or Object Property ToC
IRI: https://w3id.org/reloc#front
- has super-properties
- longitudinal axis relation op
- has sub-properties
- in front of op, intersect with the front side of op, is at the front of op, is contained in the front area of op
has relative location with Offsetop back to ToC or Object Property ToC
IRI: https://w3id.org/reloc#hasRelativeLocationWithOffset
- has super-properties
- has Relative Spatial Relation To op
- has range
- relative location with Offset c
has Relative Spatial Relation Toop back to ToC or Object Property ToC
IRI: https://w3id.org/reloc#hasRelativeSpatialRelationTo
- has sub-properties
- 2D topological relation op, directional relation op, has relative location with Offset op
has the same origin and lenght asop back to ToC or Object Property ToC
IRI: https://w3id.org/reloc#equalLongitudinal
- has super-properties
- longitudinal axis relation op
has the same origin and width asop back to ToC or Object Property ToC
IRI: https://w3id.org/reloc#equalTransversal
- has super-properties
- transversalAxisRelation op
has the same vertical origin and height asop back to ToC or Object Property ToC
IRI: https://w3id.org/reloc#equalVertical
- has super-properties
- verticalAxisRelation op
in front ofop back to ToC or Object Property ToC
IRI: https://w3id.org/reloc#disjointFront
intersectop back to ToC or Object Property ToC
IRI: https://w3id.org/reloc#intersect
has characteristics: symmetric
- has super-properties
- 2D topological relation op
- has sub-properties
- Intersects with the left side of op, Intersects with the rear side of op, Intersects with the right side of op, Intersects with the top of op, intersect with the front side of op, intersects with the bottom of op
intersect with the front side ofop back to ToC or Object Property ToC
IRI: https://w3id.org/reloc#intersectFront
intersects with the bottom ofop back to ToC or Object Property ToC
IRI: https://w3id.org/reloc#intersectBottom
Intersects with the left side ofop back to ToC or Object Property ToC
IRI: https://w3id.org/reloc#intersectLeft
Intersects with the rear side ofop back to ToC or Object Property ToC
IRI: https://w3id.org/reloc#intersectRear
Intersects with the right side ofop back to ToC or Object Property ToC
IRI: https://w3id.org/reloc#intersectRight
Intersects with the top ofop back to ToC or Object Property ToC
IRI: https://w3id.org/reloc#intersectTop
is at the bottom ofop back to ToC or Object Property ToC
IRI: https://w3id.org/reloc#meetBottom
- has super-properties
- Meet op, bottom op
- is inverse of
- on the top side of op
is at the front ofop back to ToC or Object Property ToC
IRI: https://w3id.org/reloc#meetFront
- has super-properties
- Meet op, front op
- is inverse of
- on the rear side of op
is contained in the front area ofop back to ToC or Object Property ToC
IRI: https://w3id.org/reloc#containedInFront
- has super-properties
- contained in op, front op
is contained in the left area ofop back to ToC or Object Property ToC
IRI: https://w3id.org/reloc#containedInLeft
- has super-properties
- contained in op, left op
is contained in the longitudinal central area ofop back to ToC or Object Property ToC
IRI: https://w3id.org/reloc#containedInLongitudinalCenter
- has super-properties
- contained in op, longitudinal center op
is contained in the lower area ofop back to ToC or Object Property ToC
IRI: https://w3id.org/reloc#containedInBottom
- has super-properties
- bottom op, contained in op
is contained in the rear area ofop back to ToC or Object Property ToC
IRI: https://w3id.org/reloc#containedInRear
- has super-properties
- contained in op, rear op
is contained in the right area ofop back to ToC or Object Property ToC
IRI: https://w3id.org/reloc#containedInRight
- has super-properties
- contained in op, right op
is contained in the transversal central area ofop back to ToC or Object Property ToC
IRI: https://w3id.org/reloc#containedInTransversalCenter
- has super-properties
- contained in op, transversalCenter op
is contained in the upper area ofop back to ToC or Object Property ToC
IRI: https://w3id.org/reloc#containedInTop
- has super-properties
- contained in op, top op
is contained in the vertical central area ofop back to ToC or Object Property ToC
IRI: https://w3id.org/reloc#containedInVerticalCenter
- has super-properties
- contained in op, verticalCenter op
leftop back to ToC or Object Property ToC
IRI: https://w3id.org/reloc#left
- has super-properties
- transversalAxisRelation op
- has sub-properties
- Intersects with the left side of op, on the left side of op, is contained in the left area of op, left of op
left ofop back to ToC or Object Property ToC
IRI: https://w3id.org/reloc#disjointLeft
longitudinal axis relationop back to ToC or Object Property ToC
IRI: https://w3id.org/reloc#longitudinalAxisRelation
- has super-properties
- directional relation op
- has sub-properties
- front op, has the same origin and lenght as op, longitudinal center op, rear op
longitudinal centerop back to ToC or Object Property ToC
IRI: https://w3id.org/reloc#longitudinalCenter
- has super-properties
- longitudinal axis relation op
- has sub-properties
- is contained in the longitudinal central area of op
Meetop back to ToC or Object Property ToC
IRI: https://w3id.org/reloc#meet
has characteristics: symmetric
- has super-properties
- 2D topological relation op
- has sub-properties
- on the left side of op, on the rear side of op, on the right side of op, on the top side of op, is at the bottom of op, is at the front of op
rearop back to ToC or Object Property ToC
IRI: https://w3id.org/reloc#rear
- has super-properties
- longitudinal axis relation op
- has sub-properties
- Intersects with the rear side of op, on the rear side of op, behind op, is contained in the rear area of op
rightop back to ToC or Object Property ToC
IRI: https://w3id.org/reloc#right
- has super-properties
- transversalAxisRelation op
- has sub-properties
- Intersects with the right side of op, on the right side of op, is contained in the right area of op, right of op
right ofop back to ToC or Object Property ToC
IRI: https://w3id.org/reloc#disjointRight
topop back to ToC or Object Property ToC
IRI: https://w3id.org/reloc#top
- has super-properties
- verticalAxisRelation op
- has sub-properties
- Intersects with the top of op, above op, on the top side of op, is contained in the upper area of op
transversalAxisRelationop back to ToC or Object Property ToC
IRI: https://w3id.org/reloc#transversalAxisRelation
- has super-properties
- directional relation op
- has sub-properties
- has the same origin and width as op, left op, right op, transversalCenter op
transversalCenterop back to ToC or Object Property ToC
IRI: https://w3id.org/reloc#transversalCenter
- has super-properties
- transversalAxisRelation op
- has sub-properties
- is contained in the transversal central area of op
underop back to ToC or Object Property ToC
IRI: https://w3id.org/reloc#disjointBottom
verticalAxisRelationop back to ToC or Object Property ToC
IRI: https://w3id.org/reloc#verticalAxisRelation
- has super-properties
- directional relation op
- has sub-properties
- bottom op, has the same vertical origin and height as op, top op, verticalCenter op
verticalCenterop back to ToC or Object Property ToC
IRI: https://w3id.org/reloc#verticalCenter
- has super-properties
- verticalAxisRelation op
- has sub-properties
- is contained in the vertical central area of op
Data Properties
has measured distance valuedp back to ToC or Data Property ToC
IRI: https://w3id.org/reloc#hasOffsetValue
- has domain
- relative location with Offset c
- has range
- float
Unit of offset valuedp back to ToC or Data Property ToC
IRI: https://w3id.org/reloc#hasOffsetValueUnit
- has domain
- relative location with Offset c
- has range
- string
Legend back to ToC
op: Object Properties
dp: Data Properties
ni: Named Individuals
Acknowledgments back to ToC
The authors would like to thank Silvio Peroni for developing LODE, a Live OWL Documentation Environment, which is used for representing the Cross Referencing Section of this document and Daniel Garijo for developing Widoco, the program used to create the template used in this documentation.